King's Gambit Declined, Falkbeer Countergambit

Algebraic notation writes each square with a letter and number. Thus, f4 is column f, row four. In the Falkbeer Countergambit, Black does not capture the pawn offered on f4. Instead, Black advances the d-pawn to d5 and attacks White’s center. A countergambit is a reply to a gambit in which the second player also offers or risks material, the combined pawns and pieces, to gain activity.

The immediate idea is to challenge White’s pawn on e4. If White captures on d5, the center opens and Black tries to bring the pieces out from their starting squares quickly or advance the e-pawn to gain space. The initiative, meaning the ability to make threats that demand replies, can pass to Black even though Black moves second.

The positional balance

• White may obtain an advanced central pawn, but must protect it and finish bringing the pieces into play.
• Black gains active play, although the black center can also require accurate handling.
• White’s early f-pawn advance leaves some squares near the white king less protected.