Bishop-pair annotation symbol

Also known as: ⮺, ◫

The sign indicates that one side has two bishops able to operate on both square colors.

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Explanation

The bishop pair means that one player has two bishops operating on opposite square colors, normally the two original bishops. One bishop always travels on light squares and the other on dark squares, so together they can influence both color complexes of the board.

The uses a compact sign for this feature. ⮺ is the specialized character encoded in Unicode, the standard that assigns common codes to digital characters. ◫ is an older rendering that still appears in software and publications.

Some software lists propose Numeric Annotation Glyphs (NAGs) $151 for White's bishop pair and $152 for Black's. , the text format for storing games, allows numbers through $255, but its original specification assigns meanings only through $139. The sign identifies a material and positional feature, but it does not guarantee an advantage. Its value depends on open diagonals, the pawn structure, and piece activity.

Common confusions

Opposite-colored bishops

A bishop pair means that one player owns two bishops. Opposite-colored bishops usually means one bishop per side, with each bishop confined to a different color.

Automatic advantage

The pair can be valuable, especially in open positions, but the symbol does not state that its owner is better in every position.

Sources

  1. 1.System of Signs, Chess Informant / ChessBase
  2. 2.Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows, Unicode Consortium
  3. 3.NAG Values, Scid vs. PC

Related terms

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