English Opening, Anglo-Indian Defense

The Anglo-Indian Defense begins with White's c-pawn on c4 and Black's g8-knight developed to f6. The knight controls e4 and d5, joins the central fight, and lets Black delay a decision about the pawn structure.

For that reason, Anglo-Indian is an umbrella name. Black may continue with ...g6, ...e6, ...d5, or ...c5, and each choice creates a different structure. White can choose Nc3 or Nf3, prepare the bishop for g2, occupy e4, or advance d4. Move order matters because different openings may reach the same position, which is called a transposition.

The Anglo-Grünfeld branch appears when Black follows ...Nf6 and Nc3 with ...d5. Other continuations keep the position less defined. To understand the family, identify Black's second commitment instead of treating 1...Nf6 as a complete plan.