Competition, history, and culture
Tournament formats
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Swiss system
A fixed-round tournament format that repeatedly pairs players with equal or nearby scores without requiring everyone to meet.
Round-robin
A tournament format in which every participant plays exactly one game against every other participant.
Double round-robin
A format in which every participant faces every opponent twice, normally once with White and once with Black.
Knockout
A format in which participants play successive elimination rounds and the loser of each contest leaves the tournament.
Match
A scheduled contest between the same two players over one or more games, with an overall result determined by stated rules.
Mini-match
A short match of only a few games, with its exact length and thinking-time limits defined by the event regulations.
Quad tournament
A format that normally places four players in a small round robin, giving each participant three games.
Arena tournament
A fixed-duration online format in which players play successive games and accumulate points until the tournament clock expires.
Thematic tournament
A competition in which every game begins from a predetermined opening, move sequence, or position.
Double-Swiss system
A Swiss system in which every pairing is a two-game match between the same players, with colours reversed for the second game.
Silli System
A system for very large correspondence events that assigns each entrant a limited set of opponents through a predetermined formula.
