Board and rules
Draws
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Draw
Level: BasicA final result in which the game ends without either player winning.
Draw offer
Level: BasicA draw offer proposes ending the game without a winner and has that effect only if the opponent accepts.
Draw by agreement
Level: BasicThe game ends as a draw when one player offers that result and the other accepts.
Automatic draw
Level: IntermediateA draw that arises when a rules condition is met without either player having to claim it.
Claimable draw
Level: IntermediateA draw that ends the game only after a correct claim by the player having the move.
Stalemate
Level: BeginnerA drawn position where the player to move is not in check but has no legal move.
Dead position
Level: IntermediateA position in which neither player can deliver checkmate through any possible sequence of legal moves.
Insufficient material
Level: IntermediateA common term for pieces that cannot produce checkmate, judged by legal mating possibility rather than material value alone.
Mating material
Level: IntermediateThe pieces and position circumstances that allow some checkmate to be reached through legal moves.
Same position
Level: AdvancedA rules-based identity between positions with the same pieces, side to move, and possible moves.
Threefold repetition
Level: IntermediateThreefold repetition allows a draw claim when the same position appears for the third time with the same legal possibilities.
Fivefold repetition
Level: IntermediateThe game is automatically drawn when the same position appears at least five times, with no claim required.
Fifty-move rule
Level: IntermediateA player may claim a draw after 50 moves by each side without a pawn move or a capture.
Seventy-five-move rule
Level: IntermediateThe game is automatically drawn after 75 moves by each player without a pawn move or capture, unless the last move checkmates.
